The number of financial reports of enterprises which are audited in the current year is almost the same as in the previous years. Despite the changes of the Audit Act and the new provisions of the Accounting Act the auditing process continues. The criteria have slightly been changed, especially those regarding the audit of consolidated financial reports. The important issues are still a company’s structure, the amount of income presented in the Profit and Loss Account for the previous year and the activities of a company. The company’s assembly appoints an auditor i.e. an audit company. The decision about the selected auditor should be made until the end of September for the current year.
The automobiles used for transportation of persons represent a part of long-term tangible assets of a company, which have not been purchased for further sale but is used for business purposes. However, the sales of such assets are not prohibited. The tax position of their further sales in view of the value added tax is determined according to the period in which such assets were purchased and whether the enterprise could deduct a pre-tax upon their purchase or not. In some cases when the automobiles have the status of new transportation means according to the VAT Act, and when they are sold to another member country, it is necessary to submit to the Tax Administration the Isporuka-NPS Form.
The paper presents the imperfections of the regulations regarding the fair value in the International Accounting Standards. A special attention is paid to the concept of the financial protection of the capital by means of the so-called protective interests as the model of tax reliefs, according to which the untaxable profit from capital reserves would be distributed at least for the losses due to inflation. The permanent increase of the capital share in the sources of financing requires the protection of the capital, which proves that the protection of the substance of companies should be legally determined due to the fact that this is not regulated in the accounting standards.
Autor: Dr. sc. Vlado BRKANIĆ , prof. vis. šk., ovl. rač. i ovl. rev.
This workshop of budgetary accounting records and explains the accounting for donating i.e. transfer of long-term non-financial assets between the budget beneficiaries i.e. their donating to the person out of the budget system, whereby such assets do not have any book value in the moment of donating or transfer. Under such circumstances its revaluation is suggested. It should be pointed out that the same business event is differently presented in terms of book-keeping, taking into account the person to whom such assets have been given free of charge. The main substantive regulation regarding the recognition of the above stated business events is the Rulebook on Budgetary Accounting and Chart of Accounts (Official Gazette no. 114/10 and 31/11).
Autor: Mr. sc. Nada DREMEL, dipl. oec., ovl. rač. i ovl. rev.
The delivery of goods and services by some non-profit organizations are exempted from VAT payment according to the VAT Act, whereas a part of them subjects to the VAT taxation upon delivery of goods and services. If non-profit organizations are simultaneously performing taxable and non-taxable deliveries, they are obliged to divide the prepaid tax on those input invoices which refer to the purchase of goods and services, which are partially used for performing taxable i.e. non-taxable deliveries.
Autor: Mirela GLAVOTA, dipl. oec., ovl. rač. i ovl. rev.
Tax payers may use only one personal exemption upon their monthly calculation of salaries. According to the certain regulations a personal exemption may be used by the tax payers who are either residents or non-residents. The proposed amendments to the Income Tax Act contain the extended application of the personal exemption for the tax payers – residents of the European Union and the European Economic Area in case they have realized most of their income in the Republic of Croatia. The amount of the personal exemption may be changed within the tax period. The payers of the income from non-independent work often ask what to do when it is changed during the month.
The accession of the Republic of Croatia to the European Union has resulted in the changed opportunities for using and financing the rights of the physical persons to the pension insurance and health insurance during their stay in the EU member countries and the European Economic Area. The persons travelling through the countries of the EU and EEA are not obliged to pay a special contribution for their health protection abroad. The article presents the new issues of the social and tax position of the salaries paid to the employees sent to work abroad by the employers who have their headquarters in the EU member countries. The article stresses the differences in the status of the employees sent to work to the EU and those sent to the third countries.
Autor: Lucija TURKOVIĆ-JARŽA, dipl. oec. i ovl. rač.
According to the new Act on Obligatory Health Insurance, which became effective on 1 July 2013, the prohibition of the distraint has been extended to the compensation of salary during the temporary working disability due to the use of health protection, i.e. some other circumstances determined by the Act on Obligatory Health Insurance. Such cases are specifically stated and comprise the temporary inability to work due to illness or injury, medical treatment or medical research, which cannot be carried out after working hours of the insured persons, and a number of other cases.
U prošlim brojevima časopisa RRiF obradili smo različite teme u vezi s transakcijama unutar EU i dotakli se poreznih evidencija i poreznih prijava u kontekstu pojedinih tema. U ovom broju odlučili smo na jednom mjestu objediniti porezne evidencije te ih povezati s Obrascem PDV, Zbirnom prijavom i Obrascem PDV-S, s ciljem njihovoga detaljnijeg objašnjenja. U nastavku ovog članka slijedi Praktikum koji se sastoji od niza konkretnih primjera sastavljanja poreznih evidencija i prijava te stoga ova dva članka treba gledati kao cjelinu. 1. Uvod 2. Knjiga izdanih (izlaznih) računa (I-RA) 3. Knjiga primljenih (ulaznih) računa (U-RA) 4. Prijava poreza na dodanu vrijednost – Obrazac PDV 5. Zbirna prijava za isporuke dobara i usluga u druge države članice EU (Obr. ZP) 6. Prijava za stjecanje dobara i usluga iz drugih država članica EU (Obr. PDV-S)
Autor: Dr. sc. Đurđica JURIĆ , prof. vis. šk. i ovl. rač.
The VAT payers, who determine their tax liability each month – monthly tax payers, should have delivered their first tax return until 20 August. The regulations regarding the new tax return has substantially been changed upon the accession of the Republic of Croatia to the European Union, compared to the regulations applied in the “old” VAT taxation system. In the time when the draft of the new VAT Act was published and the VAT Rulebook was not, the RRiF Journal no.07/13, p. 56, presented the example of determining a tax return with the description of business events in Croatia, the sales in the EU, third countries, etc., based on the forms and information at disposal at that time. This article presents the main information regarding the new VAT returns, new tax records and book-keeping and determination of the VAT liabilities. The article also provides detailed explanations of the positions of tax records and filling in the VAT return forms.
Autori: Dr. sc. Ljerka MARKOTA , ovl. rač. Dr. sc. Tamara CIRKVENI , ovl. rač.
The new VAT Act, which became effective on 1 July 2013, determines the possibility of VAT return to foreign citizens for purchased goods. However, the possibility of VAT return comprises only the citizens – physical persons from the third countries, i.e. third territories in case they have fulfilled certain conditions. One of the most important conditions is the value of the purchased goods, which should be more than HRK 740.00 incl. VAT per invoice. They may obtain the VAT return directly from the seeler, i.e. in the store where they have purchased the goods or through a mediator. In such a case, the seller may reduce the tax liabilities by the amount of the VAT returned to the physical person.
Autori: Dr. sc. Ljerka MARKOTA , ovl. rač. Dr. sc. Tamara CIRKVENI , ovl. rač.
The new VAT Act determines three categories of VAT return to tax payers. The first category refers to the VAT return to the tax payers who do not have residence on the territory of the EU and the rules for such a category are similar to those stated in the old VAT Act for foreign enterprises. The second category of VAT return refers to the tax payers who have their headquarters in some EU member country and comprises the goods and services delivered by the tax payers in Croatia or for the goods imported in Croatia. The third category of VAT return refers to the domestic tax payers from other EU member countries, who, according to the new VAT Act, will obtain the right to VAT return vial the web portal of the Tax Administration in the Republic of Croatia, i.e. through the system of VAT return as determined in the EU.
Autori: Dr. sc. Tamara CIRKVENI , ovl. rač. Dr. sc. Ljerka MARKOTA , ovl. rač.
The dealers of second-hand means of transportation within the VAT system may use a special procedure of margin taxation or the regular taxation procedure when selling second-hand means of transportation. The special procedure of margin taxation is usually more favourable for the dealer, but there are some limitations in its application. It can be applied by the dealer upon selling the second-hand goods previously purchased from the persons who are not tax payers or from the tax payers whose deliveries are VAT exempted, from a minor tax payer or from other dealers who apply the special procedure of margin taxation on second-hand goods. The dealer is obliged to keep the records for the needs of Vat payment, such as PDV-MI and PDV-MU.
Autori: Jasna VUK, dipl. oec. i ovl. rač. Dr. sc. Ljerka MARKOTA , ovl. rač.
The article stresses the need to understand the business events such as construction services and delivery of waste in the case when the procedure of the reverse taxation is used, i.e. when the supplier of goods or services transfers the tax liability to the client. The client takes over such a tax liability and recognizes at the same time the prepaid tax. Accordingly, the neutral function of the VAT is stressed, when tax payers have a business relationship. Unfortunately, the Ministry of Finance – the Tax Administration does not provide the corresponding instructions regarding the dilemmas which constantly appear in this tax and economic issue. Moreover, some opinions do not justify their existence due to the nature of a business event and the legislature.
Autor: Dr. sc. Vlado BRKANIĆ , prof. vis. šk., ovl. rač. i ovl. rev.
The claim for the delayed payment of the tax debt is to be filed to the Tax Administration until 20 September 2013. This is regulated by the Act on Collection of Tax Liabilities, caused by the economic crisis, which enables to enterprises to extend the deadline of payment of the tax debt for the period of 36 months by reprogramming their tax debt emerged until 31 January 2013. The above stated Act is valid for a limited period of time. The written claim with the corresponding explanations for reprogramming of the tax debt may be filed by enterprises within 60 days after the Act has become effective, i.e. until 20 September 2013. The article presents the way of ranking of each individual enterprise due to the offered securities of payment, the decision on the amount of interest rate to be applied on the reprogrammed capital amount of the debt and the specific conditions which have to be fulfilled in order to obtain a positive ruling based on the filed claim. Due to the fact that the condtions to be fulfilled by the debtor are rather strict, a large number of such claims is not expected.
Autor: Mr. sc. Mirjana MAHOVIĆ KOMLJENOVIĆ, dipl. oec.
As of 1 July 2013 the tariff payers on tobacco products – cigarettes, and other persons who sell cigarettes are obliged to calculate and pay tariffs even on the cigarettes which have already been ready for consumption and are on stocks ready for sale on the territory of the Republic of Croatia. This comprises the cases when the amount of the tariff on cigarettes and the retail sales price of cigarettes are increased. The new regulations also determine the deadlines for stock-listing of cigarettes, drawing up the protocol and payment of the tariff difference in such cases. The labels on cigarette packs issued by the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Croatia do not contain the retail sales price of the cigarettes any more. The cigarette packs which still have the label of the Ministry of Finance with the stated price may be sold on the territory of the Republic of Croatia until 1 November 2013. They can be sold at retail sales prices higher than stated on the labels of the Ministry of Finance, but not higher than the last reported valid retail sales price to the Customs Administration.
The activities of audit companies and independent auditors subject to the supervision of the quality of their work i.e. the audits completed. The Chamber of Auditors has published the results of the quality control of audit companies, independent auditors and certified auditors for the period 2011/2012. The results have been published on the websites of the Chamber. The article presents the most common mistakes made by audit companies, which were determined upon supervision.
Autor: Anamarija Miletić , dipl. oec., ACCA i ovl. rev.
1. EK predlaže uspostavu jedinstvenog suda za patente 2. EK ograničava naknade na kartične transakcije 3. EK odbacila prigovor na telekomunikacijski porez u Mađarskoj 4. Portugal počinje postupno smanjivati poreze kompanijama 5. Slabost potrošnje u Europi, loša vijest i za Hrvatsku 6. Povećanje porezne presije u Francuskoj moglo bi naštetiti gospodarstvu 7. Revizori dali negativnu ocjenu programu Marco Polo
Zakonom o izmjenama i dopunama Zakona o financijskom poslovanju i predstečajnoj nagodbi, izmijenjen je, između ostalog, i način utvrđivanja stope zakonskih i ugovornih zateznih kamata između poduzetnika te između poduzetnika i osoba javnog prava. Autor u ovom članku objašnjava novi način određivanja zateznih kamata, navodi razloge za izmjenu istih te razjašnjava neka pitanja nastala uslijed paralelne primjene odredaba dvaju Zakona koji sada uređuju ovu materiju (ZOO i ZFPPN). 1. Uvodno 2. Razlozi za promjenu načina određivanja (izračuna) stope zateznih kamata 3. Nova stopa zakonske i ugovorne zatezne kamate (od 30. lipnja 2013.) 4. Daljnja primjena odredaba ZOO-a o zateznim kamatama (čl. 29. ZOO-a) 5. Obveza obračunavanja i naplate zateznih kamata te način uračunavanja kamate
Upon the accession of the Republic of Croatia to the EU the new provisions of the Act on Capital Market came into effect. These provisions determine the issues of business activities on the territory of Croatia and those of the investment companies registered in other EU member countries. In addition, the changed provisions on the amount of the regulatory capital and the way of its calculation also became effective. The changes as of 1 July also comprise the provisions on the way of monitoring business activities and the requirements for reporting on business activities of investment companies.
One of the essential elements of the system of prevention of money laundering and financing of terrorism is determination of the actual owner. Not every owner is the actual owner. The article provides the answers to the questions, such as how to determine the actual owner, how to act when the actual owner cannot be determined upon establishment of the business relationship and how to act if determination of the actual owner is under certain circumstances not precisely defined by the legal regulations.
Upon imports of certain goods it is possible to exercise the right to exemption from payment of customs duties, as it also was the case in the period before 30 June 2013. The exemption from payment of customs duties is not necessarily connected to the exemption from payment of special taxes, tariffs and the value added tax. Due to the fact that the new regulations regarding the exemptions from payment of customs duties and other public payments became effective on 1 July 2013, the article presents an overview of the possible exemptions from payment of customs duties, value added tax and tariffs upon the import from the third countries.
After the accession of the Republic of Croatia to the European Union the companies in Croatia do not need the export permit for dual-use items when exporting to the EU member countries. Exceptionally, the specific permit is required for the transfer of dual-use items stated in the Annex IV of the Council Directive (EC) 428/2009 from 5 May 2009, which determines the regime of the Community for the control of export, transfer, brokering and transport of dual-use items. In order to make it possible to directly apply the above stated Directive, the Act on Monitoring Dual-Use Items was passed and became effective on 1 July 2013. The membership of the Republic of Croatia in the European Union has enabled to the Croatian exporters to use six general export permits of the European Union, which means they may export certain goods to certain destinations without the specific permit.
As of 1 July 2013 children do not acquire the status of an insured person on the basis of the insurance holder – parent. The children up to 18 years of age are insured without any specific application. After their 18th birthday children are not any more insured on the basis of the insurance holder – parent. They insure themselves in person as independent insured persons by filing the certificate of the authorized institution in Croatia or in the EU member country, which testifies that they are engaged in full-time education. They can have such a status until 26 years of age. After the loss of the status of insured person, they can obtain health insurance if they apply for it at the Croatian Health Insurance Institute or the Croatian Employment Agency within 30 days after they have lost such a status.
U časopisu RRiF, br. 5/13., objavili smo članak o rasporedu i preraspodjeli radnog vremena. U ovom broju našeg časopisa nastavljamo s obradom tematike radnog vremena na način da se razmatraju bitna i aktualna pitanja u vezi s prekovremenim radom kao radom koji je dulji od punoga radnog vremena. 1. Uvod 2. Aktualnost, opravdanost i ograničenja prekovremenog rada 3. Obveze i druga odgovarajuća pitanja u vezi s plaćanjem prekovremenog rada 4. Zabrane koje se odnose na prekovremeni rad 5. Sankcije
U ovom se članku razmatraju pitanja koja se odnose na suglasnost radničkog vijeća na otkaz ugovora o radu te na naknadu štete zbog ozljede na radu. O svemu tome, detaljnije u prikazu odluka Vrhovnog suda Republike Hrvatske koje se daju u nastavku, s napomenom da je ova sudska praksa aktualna i u primjeni sada važećeg Zakona o radu. 1. Uvod 2. Suglasnost radničkog vijeća na otkaz 3. Naknada štete zbog ozljede na radu
1. Opći pregled 2. Cijene u RH i EU 3. Proizvođačke cijene industrije RH i EU 4. Industrijska proizvodnja 5. Vanjskotrgovinska razmjena 6. Trgovina na malo 7. Turizam 8. Plaće 9. Likvidnost i insolventnost 10. Zaposlenost i nezaposlenost
