This is the second year of the application of pre-bankruptcy settlements between creditors and debtors. In such a shorth period the Act on Financial operations and Pre-Bankruptcy Settlement has been amended several times. The author of the article presents the way of recording pre-bankruptcy settlements between debtors and creditors in their business records. In accounting, the topic on pre-bankruptcy settlements is especially interesting due to various ways of payment of debts.
In practice there are frequent questions made by entrepreneurs in which form and to whom a donation may be given, how to record such events in business records and what is the tax position of such donations. The article explains the term of donation, points to the differences between sponsorship and donation and shows the accounting for the given donations. The author of the article also points to the conditions which have to be fulfilled in order for the donation to be recognized as expense in terms of taxation.
Autor: Mr. sc. Katarina HORVAT JURJEC, dipl. oec. i ovl. rač.
The recording of the expenses for the use of cars for private transportation depends on whether a salary in kind is calculated for their use and on the type of expenses. If the salary in kind is calculated for the use of a private car, all other expenses including the corresponding VAT rate are recognized in terms of taxation, whereas in the opposite case they are divided in the ratio 70:30. The expenses which are always recognized in terms of taxation are the insurance costs, the interests regarding purchase of the vehicle, the costs of registration and the tax onroad motor vehicles. In the case of using the services of the tax payers from other EU member country the corresponding VAT amount should be calculated on the value of such a service and add it to the other total expenses.
The RRiF issue no. 11/12 included the article on the accounting and taxation viewpoints of division of a company with establishment of a new company. The author of this article analyzes the procedure of demerger of a company with takeover, i.e. defines the legal and accounting procedures which are to be carried out in such a case. Besides, the article presents a sample of the contract on a company’s division with takeover and explains the taxation viewpoint of such a procedure.
The article explains the changes of capital which ay arise when it is used for loss coverage, under the condition that such a procedure has been entered in the court register. Understanding of such changes is important in order to avoid the procedures which would create an illusion that such payments have been made to the company members/shareholders, due to the fact it automatically opens up a problem of taxation of such a transaction of the simplified decrease of capital. The presented legal and accounting procedures do not result in the effect of taxation. This is applicable in the exactly determined balance sheet situation, which appears rather often in practice.
Autor: Dr. sc. Vlado BRKANIĆ , prof. vis. šk., ovl. rač. i ovl. rev.
It is important to differentiate the current and investment maintenance and additional investments. Such a differentiation determines the way in which a budgetary person enters business events in their business records. The expenditure for current and investment maintenance by budgetary person are recorded on the accounts of expenditure for operations and the value of the assets is increased by the value of the additional investment on the assets. If the expenditures for the current and investment maintenance were presented as the additiona investment on the assets in the year when they emerged, such a recording may provide incorrect data on the financial results in the annual reports.
Autor: Mirela GLAVOTA, dipl. oec., ovl. rač. i ovl. rev.
The non-profit organizations which are obliged to apply a double-entry bookkeeping have to submit the financial report for the period January-March 2014. The financial report is prepared in the S-PR-RAS-NPF Form and is submitted to the FINA. According to the corresponding regulation it is prepared and submitted 20 days after the expiration of the accounting period, at the latest. Due to the fact that such a date is Sunday, the Form for 2014 should be submitted until Monday, 21 April 2014. The basis for filling in the Form are the data presented in the bookkeeping accounts of the Ledger. Only some data which are presented in the S-PR-RAS-NPF Form are not taken directly from the Ledger. This is the group of statistical data. There are no differences between the S-PR-RAS-NPF Form compared to the report which was delivered in 2013. However, the accounting system has undergone certain changes since 1 January 2014. Accordingly there are some differences in the contents of the positions which are entered in such a Form.
Autor: Mr. sc. Nada DREMEL , dipl. oec., ovl. rač., ovl. rev. i porezni savjetnik
This workshop on non-profit accounting explains the recording of the withdrawal of cash fro the transaction account and the financial assets which is not held for sale. Upon the transition between accounting periods it is not unusual that a person has cash in one accounting period and that the cash withdrawal from the transaction account is reduced in the other accounting period. The provisions of the regulations in the non-profit accounting do not specifically determine various procedures with the groups of financial assets which have common characteristics, as it is the case in the accounting standards of the entrepreneurial accounting. Nevertheless, it is necessary to take into account the essence of the certain groups of financial assets and adjust the recordings. In such a way the essential changes of the falue of the financial assets of the specific groups of financial assets become visible.
Autor: Mr. sc. Nada DREMEL , dipl. oec., ovl. rač., ovl. rev. i porezni savjetnik
In order to secure the equality of market competition i.e. to eliminate the unequal position of the employers who regularly fulfil their obligations compared to those who do not do this, the Directive on the ways of payment of the contributions according to the salary, receipts on the salary, i.e. the monthly base for the calculation of the contributions based on the employment status has been changed.
After the submission of the final account for 2013 the contracted bonuses are paid mostly to managers from the profit realized in 2013. These are the persons who are not connected with the company with their capital, but have signed the contract according to which a certain amount of the profit is paid to them. If such persons are also employees in the company, the paid bonuses subject to the payment of contributions, income tax and surtax in the same way as regular salaries.
Autor: Lucija TURKOVIĆ-JARŽA, dipl. oec. i ovl. rač.
In the case of termination of employment the employer is obliged to pay to the employee the compensation for the unused days of annual holiday. Accordingly, the compensation for the unused annual holiday represents in such a case an undisputable obligation of the employer to the employee. If the employer has enabled to the employee to use the remaining days of annual holiday before termination of employment, he/she is then not obliged to pay such a compensation to the employee.
Due to a large number of questions after the introduction of the JOPPD Form regarding non-taxable receipts of physical persons, employees and other physical persons, the article tries to provide some replies to the most frequent dilemmas upon the submission of the JOPPD Form.
Autor: Anamarija Miletić , dipl. oec., ACCA i ovl. rev.
According to the provisions of the Act on Pension Insurance as of 1 January 2014 it is possible to employ retired pensioners up to the half working time. Such pensioners should have the full years of service before retirement and during such an employment they have the right to payment of their pension. Such a right may be exercised by the pensioner (male) who was retired at the minimum age of 65 and had at least 15 years of service insured in pension fund. A female retirement pensioner may exercises such a right if she has obtained the right to pension after at least 15 years of service insured in pension fund with the minimum age of 60 if such a right was obtained in 2010. In the following years this right is shifted by three months. Accordingly, in 2014 a female has the right to retirement pension if she is 61 years old and has at least 15 years of service insured in pension fund. In view of payments of obligatory contributions and income taxes, a retired pensioner is in the same position as the regularly employed workers.
Autor: Lucija TURKOVIĆ-JARŽA, dipl. oec. i ovl. rač.
Pursuant to the new Act on Pension Insurance, which became effective on 1 January 2014, the new Rulebook on Keeping the Main Records of the Croatian Pension Insurance Institute was passed. The Rulebook determines the new way of registration of the insured persons in the system of pension insurance. As of 1 April 2014 the registrations and deregistrations of the persons in the pension insurance will be carried out by means of the E-registration, except for the insured persons who have less than 3 insured persons. The registration will be possible to realize by means of an electronic stick which is to be used for the submission of tax reports and the reports to REGOS. The contents and the name of the corresponding forms for registration and deregistration have been adjusted to the new way of registration. The process of registration and deregistration is to be completed within 24 hours since the emergence of the case.
The delivery of goods within the EU is VAT exempted only if all the conditions stated in the VAT Act have been fulfilled. Under the basic presumption that it is an entrepreneurial activity of both, the supplier and the client, the goods from Croatia into other member country should be delivered by one tax payer to another tax payer. The goods should be delivered – transported by the tax payer in the Republic of Croatia or the recipient of the delivery or the third person on their behalf. The status of the tax payer – the receipient of goods can be checked in the VIES database, including the issued invoice and the dispatch documents which prove that the goods have been delivered from Croatia into another member country.
As of 1 July 2013 the deliveries of goods which are dispatched or transported by the supplier, the buyer or the third person on their account and which are finished by the supplier or the third person on their account with or without a trial period, are taxed according to the place where such goods are finished or mounted. The author of the article presents such transactions and how the tax payers in Croatia should act upon their deliveries and acquisitions fro the tax payers in the EU.
Jedina izmjena Pravilnika o PDV-u koji je stupio na snagu već sljedećeg dana od dana objave odnosi se na ograničenje odbitka pretporeza motornih vozila N1 kategorije. Pravo priznavanja pretporeza za ovu skupinu motornih vozila odnosi se od 20. ožujka prvenstveno na motorna vozila N1 kategorije koja su razvrstana u tarifnu oznaku 8703 Carinske tarife i koja nisu predmet oporezivanja posebnim porezom na motorna vozila. 1. Na koja se motorna vozila može priznavati pretporez od 20. ožujka 2014. 2. Obveze u vezi s prenamjenom motornog vozila N1 kategorije
The right to tax return and other public payments arises due to incorrectly paid taxes (paid in the incorrect way) or overpaid tax. The written claims for the return of the overpaid tax are submitted to the tax offices of the Tax Administration according to the headquarters of the legal person or the place of residence of the physical person. The claims for the return of the contributions for the Second Pillar are delivered by the Tax Administration to REGOS for their approval. Before the approval of the return of the overpaid tax, the Tax Administration should check whether all other liabilities of the tax payer have been settled.
Autor: Mr. sc. Mirjana MAHOVIĆ KOMLJENOVIĆ, dipl. oec.
A new Directive on Payment of Compensation for Concessions to Extract Mineral Raw Materials became effective. Siilarly to the previous Directive, the new one determines the way of payment of compensations in two parts, i.e. the fixed part and the variable part. The fixed part depends on the size of the extraction field and the variable part on the quantity of the extracted mineral raw materials according to the market prices. The article presents the way of calculation and recording of the compensation for concession.
The article presents the obligations of other persons who keep cigarettes for sale to the final consumers (e.g. stands, stores, catering facilities and other retail facilities), including tariff payers on tobacco products who are as of 1 July 2013 obliged to calculate and pay tariffs on cigarettes, which are placed on stocks, in the case when the amount of the tariffs on cigarettes increases, as well as the retail price of cigarettes increases. They also have to meet the deadlinise for stocktaking of cigarettes and to prepare the minutes on payments of the difference in tariffs in such cases. They are also obligated to submit an application for entry into the register of tariff payers. In order to avoid any violations regarding tariffs, the article presents the example of filling in the application for entry into the register of tariff payers (PUR Form) and the minutes on stocktaking of cigarettes including the calculated difference of tariffs (Z-ORT Form). Since 24 February 2014 it has been possible to subit the Z-ORT Form electronically, using the “e-Trošarine” Application.
Before completion of the engagement the auditor is obliged to consider the subsequent events, i.e. to collect enough and adequate evidence of the events which have arisen in the period between the date of the financial reports and the date of the auditor’s report. If such events had been known as at the date of the balance sheet and in such a way could have an impact on the auditor’s opinion, it is necessary to determine the further procedures regarding the financial reports and the auditor’s report.
1. Europski parlament podržao standardni postupak povrata PDV-a 2. Studija o potencijalu ekoloških poreza 3. Španjolska smanjuje oporezivanje rada 4. Dogovorene izmjene direktive o računovodstvu 5. Kako proračun EU-a više financirati iz vlastitih prihoda 6. Trošarine na telekom-usluge nisu u suprotnosti s europskim direktivama 7. Državne potpore samo najmanjim zrakoplovnim lukama 8. Dogovor o Statutu i financiranje europskih političkih stranaka 9. Utvrđene prepreke u prekograničnoj trgovini osiguranjem
The most of the companies and institutions which operate with foreign countries are familiar with the fact that they are obliged to inform the Croatian National Bank on such transactions in a number of reports and under various conditions and in various ways. This article presents a part of the reporting on other credit transactions and changes in reporting on credit and deposit transactions which occurred after the latest change of the special regulation on such a way of reporting, The purpose of this article is to point to the annual report and the deadline for its submission until 30 April 2014.
As of 1 January 2014 the obligation of payment of contributions for employment has been introduced for craftsmen and free professions according to the Act on Employment Mediation and Rights during the Period of Unemployment. If such persons are profit tax payers they are obliged to enter in the JOPPD Form all the contributions, the income tax, the surtax and the entrepreneural salary, if paid. Since such an obligation started to be applied before the corresponding regulations were passed, the JOPPD Form was technically not adjusted to the adequate accepatance of the contributions for employment from these new persons. Accordingly they were recorded in the place together with the obligations based on the employment status. After the technical support for acceptance of such contributions was provided, all the persons obliged to pay the, should correct the original forms which they previously submitted.
The Act on Sales Activities has been amended. The most important news is that some types of sales are not determined by this Act any more. The forms of selling their own products by family farms have been expanded. Associations and other non-profit organizations have become equal as other physical and legal persons which may sell their own products. All the persons performing sales activities are obliged to ensure the data on stocks of goods in the particular selling facility. It is also important that the number of the cases in which the competent inspectors may prohibit sales activities in an unwritten form.
The new Act on Tourist Inspection and the Amendments to the Act on Catering Services, the Act on Provision of Services in Touris and the Act on Accommodation Fee represent the result of adjustment to the new scope of ministries regarding the control of inspectors. The above stated regulations determine the authorities of tourist inspectors, the performance of non-registered activities controlled by the Ministry of Finance, the conditions for performing the activities of a travel agency manager. Such regulations also comprise the provisions that an Internet travel agency may operate in a housing facility, the payment of the accommodation fee of seamen, etc.
Pitanja vezana uz dospijeće otpremnine i otkaz ugovora o radu vrlo su aktualna i kao takva značajno zastupljena u praksi. Uz to, pitanja vezana uz zabranu tržišnog natjecanja i te kako su bitna. O svemu tomu detaljnije u nastavku kroz prikaz rješidaba Vrhovnog suda RH koje su aktualne i u primjeni sada važećega Zakona o radu. 1. Uvod 2. Dospijeće otpremnine 3. Zabrana tržišnog natjecanja 4. Razlozi za izvanredni otkaz ugovora o radu
As of the day of the accession of the Republic of Croatia to the European Union (1 July 2013) the way of obtaining the rights to the health protection during temporary residence in a foreign country by the persons insured with the Croatian Health Insurance Institute (HZZO) have been different, depending on whether such an insurance is used in the EU member countries, in the countries with which the Republic of Croatia signed an agreement on social security or the third countries. According to the EU Directives the insured persons of the EU member countries obtain the right to health protection during their stay in the EU member country. A person can be insured only in one EU member country. During the period of stay on the territory of another member country a person obtains the right to health protection under the same conditions as the domicile insured persons, but on the account of their insurance company. The persons insured at the Croatian Health Insurance Institute use the right to health protection in the countries in which Croatia applies the contracts on social security under the conditions determined by the provisions of the international contracts, the Act on Obligatory Health Insurance, the specific act, the Rulebook and other general enactments of the Croatian Health Insurance Institute.
The Act on Amendments to the Act on Fisal Responsibility has been passed. The new Act comprised the change of the fiscal rule, the implementation of which will be controlled by an independent body as of 2015. The statement on fiscal responsibility is to be prepared by some companies as well, not just the budget beneficiaries. The Act introduced a cash penalty for the violation of the statement on fiscal responsibility.
The assessment of the fiscal effects of acts and regulations, as one of the key elements of the good fiscal management, provides the information on income and expenses, which will result from the enforcement of the specific act, regulation or the enactment of planning. Due to the obligation of the assessment of the fiscal effect, the proponent of a cetain new act, directive, strategy programme or some other regulation or document should consider the sustainability of their enforcement. The article provides the instructions for filling in the form of the standard methodology of assessment of the fiscal effect and the proposal of the statement that the enforcement of the specific enactments does not have any effect on the budget. Such a methodology is applied upon the simplified procedure of assessment of the fiscal effect.
Autori: Ana MICHIELI PAVUNA , dipl. oec. Ivana KUNIĆ , dipl. oec.
The Act on Public Procurement enabled the access to the data from the offers. However, the insight in such data was limited. Therefore, the Decision made by the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Croatia cancelled some provisions of the Act on Public Procurement which regulate the insight into offers. The Constitutional Court determined that the limitations (measures) stated in the Art. 102, Par.3 and the Art. 165, Par. 3 of the Act on Public Procurement are not objectively justifiable and are contrary to other specific regulations.
Upon the application of the Act on Public Procurement (Official Gazette no. 90/11, 83/13 143/13 and 13/14 – Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Croatia), the persons obliged to apply it check up the regularity of their acts. This article provides the replies to a number of various questions in the field of public procurement in order to enable the proper application of the above stated Act. This is one of many articles which provide the replies to the questions in the field of public procurement.
1. Uvod 2. Cijene u RH i EU-u 3. Proizvođačke cijene industrije RH i EU-a 4. Industrijska proizvodnja RH i EU-a 5. Vanjskotrgovinska razmjena 6. Trgovina na malo 7. Turizam 8. Plaće 9. Likvidnost i insolventnost 10. Zaposlenost i nezaposlenost Hrvatske i EU-a
Na 12. sjednici Hrvatskog sabora po hitnoj proceduri 21. ožujka 2014. donesen je Zakon o izmjenama i dopunama Zakona o doprinosima. Do zaključenja ovog broja izmjene spomenutog propisa nisu bile objavljene u Narodnim novinama, no njegovo objavljivanje očekujemo ubrzo s obzirom na to da bi se izmijenjene odredbe trebale primjenjivati već početkom travnja.
1. Obračun doprinosa za obvezno zdravstveno osiguranje po stopi od 15 % 2. Primitak upravitelja zadruge 3. Novi pojam umirovljenika 4. Osiguranici po osnovi rada kod poslodavca sa sjedištem ili mjestom poslovanja u drugoj državi članici EU-a