Računovodstvo, revizija i financije 6/2015

The deadline for submission of the annual financial report for the purpose of public disclosure is 30 June 2015. Almost half of the companies (48,299), which are obliged to prepare and deliver the annual financial reports and other documents for the purpose of public disclosure, have fulfilled this obligation until 31 March 2015. They prepared and submitted their annual financial reports to the FINA for the statistical and other needs and for the needs of public disclosure.
The companies, which delivered the annual financial reports for 2014 only for the statistical and other needs, should deliver, according to the Accounting Act, their annual financial reports for the purpose of public disclosure until 30 June 2015. The companies, obliged to consolidate their financial reports, should deliver them for the purpose of public disclosure until 30 September.
 

Until 31 December 2014 the VAT Act determined a special taxation procedure for the electronically provided services, if they were rendered by the tax payer who does not have a registered company in the EU (tax payers from the third countries) to the persons who are not tax payers and have the headquarters, the place of residence or the usual place of residence in one of the EU countries. As of 1 January 2015 the application of the special taxation procedure on telecommunication services, radio and TV broadcasting and electronically provided services has been extended to the EU service providers. In such a case the EU service providers and all the others, who do not have business premises in the EU (those from the third countries) select the member country for the VAT registration. Using the web-portal they calculate VAT for the rendered service for each particular country. This means that they are not obliged to register for the VAT needs in all the countries in which they provide the services. Such simplification provides the possibility of VAT payment in one country. Afterwards, the paid VAT amounts is distributed through the VIES System in the member countries in which the service was provided and each country receives its part of the VAT.

 

Consolidation of financial reports is performed by a parent company, which may control one or more of its subsidiaries. As annual financial reports, consolidated financial reports subject to auditaccording to the Audit Act and the Accounting Act. A parent company should submit its consolidated financial reports for the previous year to the FINA until 30 September for the purpose of public disclosure and informing the court.  Regardless of their size, all the companies, obliged to submit their consolidated financial reports, deliver them in the volume and structure as if they were large ones.
 

- Rezultati provedenog istraživanja u okviru RRiF-a -
U članku se prikazuju rezultati provedene ankete o pitanjima iz uređenja računovodstvenog sustava i potrebi zakonskog uređenja računovostvene struke.
Anketu je pokrenulo Ministarstvo financija, a u oblikovanju pitanja sudjelovali su profesori s Ekonomskog fakulteta u Zagrebu. Anketu je provela RRiF Visoka škola za financijski menadžment i udruga Hrvatska zajednica računovođa i financijskih djelatnika. U ovom se članku prikazuju provedeni rezultati istraživanja u okviru RRiF-a i navode komentari sudionika ankete.
1. Uvod
2. Prikaz rezultata i komentara sudionika ankete za pitanja do 15.b)
3. HSFI-ji za mikropoduzetnike ili novo računovodstveno uređenje
4. Zakonsko uređenje računovodstvene struke
 

This budgetary accounting records and explains the recording of the purchase of long-term non-financial assets, including contracting of financial leasing. It should take into account the determined procedure of presenting the corresponding debiting for the acquisition of financial assets, using the corresponding accounts from the chart of accounts, which has been applied since the beginning of 2015.

This workshop on non-profit accounting records and explains the recordings of the following: 1. Sales of long-term non-financial assets and 2. Return of the previously received gift.
Upon the sales of long-term non-financial assets the invoices of the regular sales are not to be used. It is performed on the gross amount principle.
The received gift cannot be returned if the disposal of the received gift was not limited. The transfer of the cash assets related to the received gifts acquires a new legal foundation.
 

According to the Labour Act the employees who work on holidays, at night, overtime or under difficult conditions have the right to an increased salary. Besides the obligatory salary increments, determined by the Labour Act, employees may obtain the right to the increased salary according to other legal regulations. This article presents the way of determining the employee’s right to the salary increments and the way of their calculation.
 

In March 2015 the new Rulebook on the Contents of the Salary Calculation, Salary Compensation and Severance Payment became effective. It determines new forms of calculation of the paid salary (IP1 Form), the form of calculation of the unpaid salary and compensation of salary (NP1 Form). Employers are obliged to comply their calculation forms with the regulations of the new Rulebook until 1 July 2015, at the latest. Accordingly, the salary for June, paid in July, is to be presented in the IP1 Form, i.e. the non-paid salary in the NP1 Form. In the case of the partially paid salary, the employers are obliged to issue two payrolls. One payroll includes the data on the paid salary and the other payroll presents the data on the salary which was not paid on the due date. The same rule applies to the severance payment.
 

During the period of using the right to sick leave due to the injury at work and professional disease, the insured persons have the right to the compensation of salary of 100% of the averagely paid salaries in 6 months before the period of sick leave started. The employer is obliged to pay such a compensationand the Croatian Health Insurance Institute pays a refund within 45 days. In the period from the occurrence of the injury until recognizing the right to the compensation due to injury at work the insured person exercises the right to the compensation, which is paid from the employer’s account for the first 42 days. Afterwards, if the injury at work was not recognized, the compensation is paid by the Health Insurance Institute, the same as the compensation for the regular sick-leave. If the insured person obtains the report from the Health Insurance Institute afterwards that the injury has been recognized, the employer should make the correction of the calculation of the compensation, which was paid until then and correct the form on tax report.
 

The citizens – renters, who provide accommodation services in rooms, apartments, houses or camps do not usually subject to VAT payment. Accordingly, they may pay income tax in the lump sum. If they are obliged to pay VAT, they pay a reduced VAT rate of 13% on the accommodation services. Due to the fact that such services may be provided directly to the guests or by mediation of a tourist agency, the determination of the tax position requires a clear definition of the services provided. The contract between the renter and the agency should state the services to be provided and the fact on whose behalf the agency performs activities. The tax position of the stated service depends on such data. It should be taken into account that foreign citizens cannot be included in the system of lump sum payment when providing the above stated services.
 

The tariff regulations are to be applied after the completion of the customs procedure, when goods can be put into selling process, i.e. the tariff procedure starts when tariff products obtain the status of domestic goods. Tariff products (alcohol and alcoholic drinks, tobacco products and energy products) may be used for commercial purposes according to the tariff regulations within the system of delayed tariff payment with the application of the EMCS system and with the paid tariff (selling out of the system of delayed tariff payment).
The first step of an entrepreneur is to make a business decision in which tariff system the company will operate, which means that an entrepreneur should know how to choose the way of operating with tariff products (in or out of the system of delayed tariff payment).
The entrepreneurs who plan to operate with tariff products in the system of delayed tariff payment should file the PUR Form to the authorized customs office and obtain the approval according to which they have the status of the person who can operate in the system of delayed tariff payment.

The controlling activities during the auditing procedures are regarded as the quality controls. The introduction of the systematic and permanent system of observation should provide an insight into the actual application of the quality control system in the practice. The activities of quality control after the completion of auditing procedures represent quality assurance. These two activities make up the system of quality management. A broader system of quality management should include all the main activities and systems of organization of quality assurance.
The quality criteria should enable for all the phases of auditing to be performed according to the rules, practice and procedures of the audit institution.
 

Revizija Okvira MSFI-ja
1. FAZE ZA RASPRAVU
2. Definicije imovine i obveza
3. Priznavanje i prestanak priznavanja imovine i obveza
4. Mjerenje
5. Kapital
6. Dobitak ili gubitak te ostali sveobuhvatni dobitak
 

1. Ministri financija protiv tajnih poreznih dogovora
2. MMF upozorio na prijetnju solventnosti osiguravatelja
3. EU želi jedan globalni sud umjesto niza arbitražnih
4. Hrvatska kasni s Direktivom o energetskoj učinkovitosti
5. Regulatorni panel procjenjivat će troškove novih propisa
6. EP prihvatio izmjene Direktive o ambalaži
7. Austrija planira sniziti porez na dohodak
 

Small-sized enterprises in Croatia make up 99.7% of the total economy and most of them provide services. The Investment Incentives in 2015 comprise such enterprises to which a Public Tender has been sent. The total amount of the planned state subsidies is 10m HRK.
Due to the fact that the Public Tender has recently been published, the article presents the conditions for filing the application and explains some issues regarding the contracts on the state subsidies and the preparation of the project draft, as well as the procedure which starts with the application and ends with the approval of the subsidies, including the related EU regulations.

A special regulation determines the reports which are to be submitted to the Croatian National Bank in order to monitor the realization of the balance of payments of the Republic of Croatia, the status of the foreign debt and the status of international investments. The inappropriate procedure with such reports subjects to the provisions of violation of the Act on Foreign Currency Operations.
Due to the fact that the changes of the Decision on the collection of the data for the needs of preparation of the balance of payments, the status of the foreign debt and the status of international investments has already been published (the phases of its preparation were presented in the RRiF issue 12/14), this article summarizes these changes and stresses the important issues for the entities obliged to inform the Croatian National Bank.
 

As the most of the companies, which operate with the companies abroad, know, the Croatian National Bank should be informed on the business operations abroad under a number of conditions and in a number of reports.
Due to the latest change of the Decision which determines the reporting system of the CNB, this article provides an overview of the changes, which should be considered by the reporting units. The number of reports to be prepared by the reporting units has been reduced, whereas the volume of reporting on certain transactions has been enlarged.

Due to the fact that there are no many restrictions in foreign currency operations, there is a prevailing thought in the practice that there are no restrictions at all when operating in foreign currency among foreign currency residents. Accordingly, a large number of tourist agencies think that they may operate with foreign currency without any limitations. This article points to the fact that there are restrictions because the Croatian kuna is the basic means of payment in the Republic of Croatia.

Due to the fact that the non-taxable amounts of daily allowances for the business trip abroad are stated only in two currencies – EUR and USD, a question arises whether such an amount can be paid in any other currency. In our opinion there are no obstacles for this. The article provides the example of how to do this and includes the replies to a large number of questions arising from this issue.

Seasonal jobs in agriculture offer the possibility of earning money to unemployed persons and pensioners without suspending the payment of the pension, which is determined by the Act on Employment Promotion. During the period of performing such a job the employer insures the persons by purchasing the voucher or tag. One tag means one day of work.  For the year of 2015 the receipts made in such a way, may not be lower than HRK 72.10 (net) daily. According to the Income Tax Act, the income tax and the surtax are to be calculated on such receipts. The insurance through the voucher is recognized in the pension base in a specific way. 

Physical persons who make their income from independent crafts business are obliged to effect monthly prepayments of income tax and surtax until the last day of the current month for the previous month.
The undue effected prepayments subject to default interests. A cash penalty is to be paid in the case of non-payment of the above stated taxes.
The Tax Administration may determine new amounts of monthly prepayments of income tax. The prepaid amount of income tax may be changed upon the written application of the tax payer. The application should have all the data stated in the tax return form referring to the previous period of the current year.
New tax payers who have just started performing an independent activity are exempted from prepayment of income tax until the first submission of the annual tax report.

Bread and other bakery products, which are put on the market, have to fulfil the determined requirements of food safety and be labelled with the defined data. The entities selling food products are responsible for the correct and complete labelling of bread and other bakery products which they produce or/and put on the market.
The article presents the data which should be labelled on food and the way of labelling the food which is offered i.e. placed on the market.
 

For the performance of seasonal jobs, the employer may sign with the employee the contract on temporary employment or the contract on temporary employment for permanent seasonal jobs, except the contract on temporary employment in the period of duration of seasonal jobs. After termination of the contract on temporary employment, employees may extend the period of pension and health insurance, after the completion of the seasonal jobs. In the case of the extended pension insurance the contributions for pension insurance are paid on the lowest contribution base of HRK 2,780.05, whereas in view of the health insurance there are no obligations to pay any contributions.

A contract on the professional training for work represents the foundation on which the professional training for work is based according to the Act on Employment Promotion. As the important legal institute it is analysed by the authors of the article from the viewpoints of its status and contribution and its presentation in the relevant records. It should be taken into account that before signing such a contract the employer should file the written application for the professional training for work without signing the contract on employment to the Croatian Employment Agency. The Agency is obliged to send a written reply on their decision to the employer within 15 days.
 

The institute of annual holiday, as one of the most important institutes in terms of labour law, which refers to the employer’s obligation and the employee’s rights, has often been changed. The latest change was made in the new Labour Act. In each calendar year the employee has the right to the annual holiday of at least 4 weeks (5 weeks for minors and employees exposed to harmful effects). It should be pointed out that the annual holiday of the employee is determined according to the number of working days, depending on the employee’s weekly schedule of working time.
 

The author of the article analyzes some relevant issues regarding extraordinary termination of employment and termination of employment with offer to change contract on employmentin view of the recent practice of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Croatia. It should be considered that the new Labour Act, which became effective eight months ago, has been applied in such a practice. Accordingly, employment may be terminated extraordinary in the case of a serious violation of the work obligation, taking into consideration all the circumstances and interests of both contract parties, whereby the notice period need not be considered. Employment may be also terminated with the offer to change the contract on employment, when the employer offers to the employee to change the conditions and sign a new contract on employment.

 

The author of the article analyzes some relevant issues regarding the institute of acquisition of property without foundation, which is regulated by the Act on Obligatory Relations. It actually refers to the legal determination of the return of the acquired property in the case when a part of the property of a certain person is transferred to another person in any way, whereby such a transfer does not have any foundation in the contract, act or other legal document. The article explains the term of acquisition of property without foundation, the rules of returning the acquisition of property without foundation and provides an overview of the relevant court practice regarding the acquisition of property without foundation.

 

The system of protection at work is determined by the special act. According to this act, the groups of objects of protection at work comprise the persons at work which do not refer to the term of a worker, including other persons.
This article analyzes the protection at work of the persons at work and points to certain disputable issues arising from the provisions of the regulations in the field of protection at work of the above stated persons.
 

The article presents a number of examples from the practice dealing with disputable situations upon application of the Public Procurement Act, settled by the Ministry of Economy and the State Commission for Control of Public Procurement Procedures.
 

The results of enterprises’ operations in Croatia in 2014 have once again confirmed the basic characteristic of the Croatian economy. The main role play privately owned enterprises in the field of commerce, processing activities and construction industry. Large enterprises are dominant in the volume of the business results (revenue, number of employees, etc.). The growth of revenue of 3.3% and profit of 17.4% with the increased number of employees of 1.8% are the most important characteristics of 104,470 companies which have disclosed their financial reports.

1. Uvodni pregled
2. Cijene u RH i EU-u
3. Industrijska proizvodnja RH i EU-a
4. Građevinarstvo RH i EU-a
5. Vanjskotrgovinska razmjena
6. Trgovina na malo u RH i EU-u
7. Turizam
8. Plaće
9. Likvidnost i insolventnost
10. Zaposlenost i nezaposlenost Hrvatske i EU-a