Profit tax payers may during 2015 continue to re-invest their realized profit. According to the changed conditions for recognition of re-investment, a tax payer should in the accounting period make investments into long-term intangible and tangible assets, the costs of which are recognized as the expenses for determining the profit tax base. In addition, the tax payer must keep the number of the employees he/she had at the beginning of the period for which the particular re-investment is made.
Autor: Dr. sc. Šime GUZIĆ , viši pred. i ovl. rač.
The income from capital also comprises the receipts from dividends and shares in profit realized on the basis of the share in capital. In the past two years the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Croatia initiated the proceedings regarding the assessment of the compliance of the provisions of the Income Tax Act with the Constitution of the Republic of Croatia, twice. The provisions refer to the taxation of the paid dividends and share in profit realized in the period from 2005 till the end of 2011. After a number of dilemmas it was concluded that the receipts realized in the above stated period may be paid without tax obligations. The payment of dividends and shares in profit to legal persons does not subject to taxation, neither it is necessary to submit the JOPPD Form for such payments.
Target costs represent the costs which lead to competitive advantages of a company on the market and enable the penetration and survival of the product on the market. The method of target costs determines the costs based on the previous research of prices at which it is possible to sell a certain product on the market with the corresponding profit which the management wants to obtain in the specific phase. Target costs thus enter the process of planning the profit and cost management, which determine the amount of the permitted costs of products in various phases of their life cycle in which the desired profit is obtained. The value analysis is an efficient method of identification and elimination of unnecessary costs through the analysis of the life cycle of the particular product.
This workshop on budgetary accounting records and explains the accounting for the purchase of long-term non-financial assets on commodity loan and the investments into a company’s capital. In the case of the purchase of long-term non-financial assets on loan the receipt from the debit side should be recorded. In the case of the investments into a company’s capital the receivables for such funds should be recorded.
Autor: Mr. sc. Nada DREMEL , dipl. oec., ovl. rač., ovl. rev. i porezni savjetnik
The new regulation which determines the system of financial reporting in the field of non-profit accounting has been applied since the beginning of 2015. Although it has not introduced any substantial changes compared to the reporting system used in the past year, those changes have occurred. This article presents such changes and the way of filling in certain positions of the Income and Expenditure Report, which should be submitted to the FINA until 30 July 2015.
Autori: Ivana JAKIR-BAJO, dipl. oec. Mr. sc. Nada DREMEL , dipl. oec., ovl. rač., ovl. rev. i porezni savjetnik
This workshop on non-profit accounting records and analyses the accounting for the lease of a personal car (long-term non-financial assets) in the case of the financial lease and operational lease.
In the case of signing the contract on financial lease, the long-term non-financial assets are recognized, including the corresponding interests. In the case of the contracted foreign currency clause, the foreign currency gains or losses are recorded on the account of the expenditures or the income of the period or the income of the future period.
Upon signing the contract on operational lease the account of the long-term non-financial assets is not debited. However, a special attention should be considered to foreign currency gains and losses, if the foreign currency clause has been contracted.
Autor: Mr. sc. Nada DREMEL , dipl. oec., ovl. rač., ovl. rev. i porezni savjetnik
A monthly basis for calculation of contributions for the person insured according to the employment status is determined to the amount of the monthly salary, which the employee has the right to, based on the sources of labour law that is binding to the employer. The lowest minimum net salary in 2015, which the employer can pay to the employee for the work performed in one month, is HRK 3,029.55. Under certain circumstances the salary may be reduced, for example due to the sick leave on the employer’s account, during the strike, etc. If the amount of the reduced salary for the whole month is under the amount of the lowest basis for the payment of contributions, which in 2015 totals HRK 2,780.05, the contributions should be calculated on this basis.
According to the Labour Act employees have, under certain conditions, the right to the annual holiday, to its total part or partially, whereas a holiday bonus represents a substantive right of an employee, which may be exercised only on the basis of the enactments which regulate employees’ rights. Depending on the tax positions, the employer may pay a holiday bonus tax free, under certain conditions or the amount of the holiday bonus may subject to taxation. The payment of salary compensation during the annual holiday is always regarded as a taxable receipt.
Dividends and shares in profit, paid to physical persons (residents) from abroad, subject to taxation in Croatia, unless it has been stated differently in the contract on avoidance of double taxation. According to most contracts on avoidance of double taxation, the country of the payer has the right to tax dividends and shares in profit at a certain rate, which may be lower or higher than the determined rate in Croatia. However, the tax paid abroad is not final. The final tax payment is effected in Croatia according to the corresponding regulations. If the foreign payer paid the income tax abroad, according to the contract on avoidance of double taxation, the payee (resident) has the possibility to decide whether to pay the tax according to the domestic regulation within 8 day after receiving the cash or to pay it based on the tax return. The article presents how to choose a more favourable way of paying the final tax.
Autor: Lucija TURKOVIĆ-JARŽA, dipl. oec. i ovl. rač.
The Rulebook on Binding Opinions, Correction of Tax Return, Statistical Reports and Tax Settlement is based on the provisions of the General Taxation Act. The Rulebook determines the obligation of giving binding opinions, making corrections of the tax return upon request of the tax body, tax settlement, including the obligation of submitting a statistical report in the OPZ-STAT-1 Form for taxpayers. The Form is a constituent part of the Rulebook. The first OPZ-STAT-1 Form is to be submitted until 20 November 2015, at the latest. It should present all the due and not collected receivables as at 30 September 2015. The Form is submitted electronically after a three-month period within the deadlines stated in this article. The Form can also contain the data on due and not collected receivables from buyers in the EU and the third countries.
J.o.o. ne plaća članarinu od 1. srpnja 2015.
Društva u stečaju oslobođena su članarine u 2015.
Društva u likvidaciji oslobođena su članarine u 2015.
Podmirenje dugova
In the case when a physical person grants a loan to a legal person there is no obligation of contracting an interest rate. However, if it has been contracted, the obligation of calculating and paying the income tax from capital arises. The article explains the way of calculating and recording the income from capital in the JOPPD Form.
Autor: Anamarija Miletić , dipl. oec., ACCA i ovl. rev.
The author of the article presents the cases in which Croatia’s tax payers should be registered for VAT needs in France when they provide certain deliveries of goods and/or services on its territory. Besides, the article provides the instructions regarding the registration of Croatia’s tax payers for VAT needs in France, including some other obligations referring to the submission of VAT forms, deadlines of their submission, VAT payment, etc.
Autor: Dr. sc. Tamara CIRKVENI FILIPOVIĆ , viši pred. i ovl. rač.
The General Taxation Act has introduced the institute of the right to assignment, lien and confiscation of receivables owed by tax payers to the tax body.
According to the written contract on the assignment or cession a tax payer may assign his/her receivables for overpaid tax to some other legal or physical person. Within three days after signing the contract on assignment, the assignor of the right is obliged to deliver the contract to the authorized tax office according to his/her place of headquarters, the place of residence or the usual place of residence. The contract on assignment of the right to tax return is not signed by the tax administration, but is binding for the tax body, unless the assignor has been subjected to the procedure of the forced payment of the tax debt based on the valid distraint documents and the ruling on the distraint procedure.
Autor: Mr. sc. Mirjana MAHOVIĆ KOMLJENOVIĆ, dipl. oec.
A tariff product put in consumption in one EU member country, on which the tariff has been calculated and paid in one of the EU countries, and which is shipped for commercial purposes in other EU member country, subjects to tax payment according to the regulations of the destination country in the EU. The shipment should contain the corresponding tariff document, usually the SAAD, issued by the shipping company from the other EU member country according to the valid regulations of the country from which the shipment has been sent. The shipping company from the Republic of Croatia who sends the tariff products with the paid tariffs to other EU member country, i.e. exports it, has the right to return of the paid tariffs and is not entered into the register of tariff payers.
The embassies and consulates of foreign countries in the Republic of Croatia have a different status as an employer regarding calculation and payment of obligatory contributions, such as income tax and sur-tax from salaries and on salaries of their employees. They are obliged to calculate and pay the contributions from salaries and on salaries of their employees, as all other employers, whereas the employees are obliged to calculate income tax from salaries. Exceptionally, the embassy or the consulate may take over the obligation of calculation and payment of the taxes and sur-taxes, as well. The calculated contributions, the income tax and the sur-tax should be recorded in the JOPPD Form with the specific marks and submitted to the Tax Administration. The article presents the above stated issues in more details.
Autor: Lucija TURKOVIĆ-JARŽA, dipl. oec. i ovl. rač.
The most significant amendments to the General Taxation Act in 2015 comprise giving of binding opinions, the possibility of signing an administrative contract and the possibility to sign a tax settlement between the taxpayer and the tax body. The Rulebook should in more detail elaborate the application of the General Taxation Act, the field of its application, the entities, the way and deadlines for the specific institutes. The institute according to which the Tax Administration should provide the binding opinions on the tax treatment of the intended transactions of the taxpayer in the future should contribute to the predictability of the procedures of the tax body and the legal security of the enterprise. The goal of signing a tax settlement is to disburden the bodies of the second instance and administrative courts. However, if the tax payer signs such a settlement, he/she does not have the right to the appeal. The new amendments also comprise the obligation of tax payers to correct their tax returns upon request of the tax body, aimed at voluntarily fulfilment of tax obligations.
Due diligence is commonly carried out upon the acquisition procedure so that a buyer would be acquainted in detail with all the aspects of the business operations of a certain company, in order to estimate its value and identify the possible risks before realization of the transaction. Due diligence plays an important role in business combinations comprised by a certain company. A great part of due diligence is carried out by auditors, which contribute to the creation of the complete picture of a certain company.
Odbor za međunarodne računovodstvene standarde (IASB) objavio je u srpnju 2009. Međunarodni standard financijskog izvještavanja za mala i srednje velika poduzeća (IFRS za SMEs1). IASB je planirao da će po isteku dvije godine primjene standarda IFRS za SMEs, od početka 2010., inicirati sveobuhvatnu reviziju tih standarda prema potrebama malih i srednje velikih poduzeća utvrđenim nakon dvije godine primjene standarda, pa je to i učinjeno. Danas se ti standardi primjenjuju u 72 države svijeta, u kojima je njihova primjena obvezna ili se dopušta, a novih je 14 država objavilo da ih planiraju primjenjivati. Europska komisija nije prihvatila te standarde tako da se ne primjenjuju u članicama EU-a.
1. EK ne očekuje veći odlazak hrvatskih radnika u druge zemlje EU-a
Zaključak
2. Njemački zakon o minimalnoj plaći nije u skladu s pravilima EU-a
3. Još 11 članica nije prihvatilo Direktivu o sanaciji banaka
4. Od 2017. na snagu stupaju nove mjere protiv pranja novca
5. EK predložila proračun za 2016. od 143,5 mlrd. eura
The proposed Act on the Amendments to the Act on Obligations changes the reference rate for calculation of default interest rates. Thus, the legal default interests are not anymore calculated according to the discount rate of the Croatian National Bank. The default interest rate is expected to be substantially lower than it has been so far.
Besides, the above stated proposed Act changes the highest allowed contracted interest rate and is also expected to be (slightly) reduced compared to the rate used so far. The new determination of the default interest rates will revoke their duality so far.
Autor: Dr. sc. Šime GUZIĆ , viši pred. i ovl. rač.
There are certain limitations in operations with foreign currency means of payment, which includes the limitations in operations with foreign currency cash. They have recently been slightly changed by the regulation on foreign currency operations, which does not directly affects cash transactions. This article analyses foreign currency operations in the Repubic of Croatia and points to the new issues regarding this topic.
Autor: Mr. sc. Nada DREMEL , dipl. oec., ovl. rač., ovl. rev. i porezni savjetnik
According to the Income Tax an income from independent activity is regarded the income from a crafts business and the operations regarded the same as crafts businesses, the income from free professions and the income from agricultural and forestry activities. Accordingly, the determination of the income from all independent activities is the same. Therefore, the determination of entertainment and promotion costs for crafts businesses – income tax payers is equally applied to the physical persons who realize their income as free professions or from agricultural and forestry activities.
Only those children’s toys, which fulfil the corresponding safety requirements for children, are labelled with the corresponding marks and data and have adequate documentation, can be placed on the market. An unsafe toy represents a risk of endangering a child’s health. Therefore, it is very important that all the entities operating with children’s toys take into consideration the obligations regulated by the law, in order to secure that only a safe toy is placed on the market.
The author of the article presents the regulations on safety of children’s toys aimed at ensuring their free sales and protection of consumers’ health, including the obligations of all the entities engaged in the sales of children’s toys.
Pension insurance is to be paid according to all the bases of realization of receipts in economy. They comprise the employment status, other income, crafts businesses, independent activities, professional training without signing a contract on employment, insurance based on the membership in the management board or a religious community, an extended pension insurance and other activities according to the provisions of the Act on Pension Insurance. A pension insurance is a personal insurance for the old age and is financed from the contributions paid by the younger generations on behalf of the retired generations for their pensions.
The number of employed persons increases during the tourist season due to the growing demand for workforce. Usually, such jobs are performed by unemployed persons from all the areas of Croatia. The work is most commonly performed out of their place of residence. The employers are obliged to sign with these workers the contract on employment, pay them mandatory insurances, the salary and all the corresponding contributions, including the income tax and sur-tax. Due to the fact that this is a seasonal job the workers sign the contract on temporary employment.
Autor: Lucija TURKOVIĆ-JARŽA, dipl. oec. i ovl. rač.
The author analyses some relevant issues regarding the reduction of salary, the warning in the case of violation of obligations in labour relations before termination of employment and the so-called termination of employment in person, all in view of the recent practice of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Croatia and some municipality courts. The author points to the fact that the above stated court practice has applied the new Labour Act, which became effective more than half a year ago.
The author of the article analyses from the legal viewpoint some frequently asked questions regarding the statute of limitations, including its most common characteristics. The statute of limitations actually refers to inability to make a lawsuit under the legally determined conditions due to the expiration of the deadline for making a lawsuit. The article stresses some relevant opinions expressed by the highest courts and other legal practice based on certain legal provisions.
A contract on lease is a common form of lease in the business practice. The general rules regarding such a contract are determined by the Act on Obligations, including some specific acts which regulate certain contracts on lease, such as e.g. an agricultural land owned by the Republic of Croatia, business premises, or a vessel. This article presents some important characteristics of all kinds of a contract on lease in the Croatian law. It also suggests some contract provisions and presents their examples and general clauses, which should obligatory be signed by both contract parties. Such schemes may be additionally elaborated and amended by contract parties in view of the corresponding needs and the concrete goal to be achieved by such a contract.
Volunteers are the persons who use their knowledge and skills voluntarily and provide their services and time to other people free of charge. The process of volunteering comprises volunteers, organizers of the volunteering process and the users of the volunteering process. A volunteer may be every physical person who fulfils the conditions determined by the Act on Volunteering. The organizer of a volunteering process may be an association, a foundation, a trade union, a religious community, an institution, a tourist association, state bodies, units of local and regional self-government and non-profit legal persons. The persons founded with the aim of profit-making cannot be organizers of the volunteering process. A volunteer can upon his/her request obtain the certificate on volunteering activities from the organizer and the certificate on the competencies acquired through the volunteering process.
1. Opći pregled
2. Cijene u RH i EU-u
3. Industrijska proizvodnja RH i EU-a
4. Građevinarstvo RH i EU-a
5. Vanjskotrgovinska razmjena
6. Trgovina na malo u RH i EU-u
7. Turizam
8. Plaće
9. Likvidnost i insolventnost
10. Zaposlenost i nezaposlenost Hrvatske i EU-a